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Garmin機種都會有估計誤差值, 最小數值是+/-3m, 但是經過多次觀察得知, 顯然不是實際誤差距離, 手持機種60CSx, Vista HCx還有accuracy ring可以參考, 就是地圖頁中所在位置周圍有個圈圈, 但是Garmin顯然非常保守, 當估計誤差值在+/-3m時, 圓圈半徑為14m, 也就是接近估計誤差值的5倍.
但是利用 http://163.29.37.171/planMap/showmapMainJ_plan.aspx 市政府資料查到 http://www.budwebgis.tcg.gov.tw/ ... LevNum=養工水214 這個精確的座標後, 持續半個月以TWD97(WGS84)座標實際測試後發現在估計誤差值+/-3m後, 每次實際誤差距離都不超出5m, 也就是說如果你有耐心在天空開闊處進行量測, GPS最多誤差僅有5m, 不信的話自己去測試就知道. 當然你想知道在台北市狹窄的街道中GPS誤差有多少, 也可以自己去玩玩.
PS: 養工水214水準點基石精確座標:
(以下係以極精確轉換程式進行, 與網路相關程式結果會有差異)
TWD67: 304745.704, 2764542.667
TWD97(WGS84): 305576.292, 2764338.052
WGS84: N24-59-09.5471, E121-33-01.8702 = 24.98598531, 121.55051950
http://gpsinformation.net/main/epenew.txt 美國網友問到這些數字都是Garmin自己湊出來的, 實在多此一舉, 而且估計誤差值的單位又是公尺, 實在會讓人與實際誤差距離(in meter)混淆.
EPE = HDOP*URA (1-sigma)*2 gives a measure of the 95% confidence circle, i.e., 95% of your position fixes would fall within and 5% would fall outside.
也印證了為何我的實際誤差總是低於5m以下(約略是估計誤差EPE的2倍), 僅有5%的機會會"突槌"!
總結來說:
估計誤差值=EPE(Estimated Position Error)
估計誤差的一倍(+/-3m) ---- 68%出現機率
估計誤差的二倍(+/-6m) ---- 95%出現機率
估計誤差的0.73倍(+/-2.19m) ---- 50%出現機率
http://gpsinformation.net/main/errors.htm
文章最末段也提到Garmin, Magellan, Lowrance機種的估計誤差作法:
EPE is generally an ESTIMATE OF POSITION ERROR and not a GUARANTEE of maximum position error. In fact, Garmin's EPE readout is generally accepted to indicate that there is an EQUAL probability that the error is GREATER or LESS THAN the indicated EPE. This is the 50% CEP value given above. As shown above, to be 95% confident that your measurement is within a circle of a fixed radius, you would have to multiply Garmin's EPE value by two. To be 98.9% sure that your measurement is within a circle of a fixed radius, you would have to multiply Garmin's EPE value by about 2.55. Magellan's EPE numbers appear to be even more optimistic (maybe the 1 sigma value or even lower) while Lowrance seems to be someplace between the RMS and 2 sigma values.
具體提到:
EPE x 1 === 50%機率
EPE x 2 === 95%機率
EPE x 2.55 === 98.9%機率(也就是accuracy ring的範圍, 但是這點觀察在Vista HCx顯然是錯的!)
前面的資料都讀不過癮, 表示你已經是Power user, 只有
http://users.erols.com/dlwilson/gps.htm 的文章合乎你的水準了!! |
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